Neurons vary in size, shape, and structure depending on their role and location. However, 2013 evidence suggests that some neurogenesis occurs in adult brains throughout our lives.Īs researchers gain insight into both neurons and neurogenesis, many are also working to uncover links to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. While this process isn’t well understood, we know that it’s much more active when you’re an embryo. The creation of new nerve cells is called neurogenesis. Neurons can also receive these signals via rootlike extensions known as dendrites.Ī 2009 study estimated that the human brain houses about 86 billion neurons. Specialized projections called axons allow neurons to transmit electrical and chemical signals to other cells. While neurons have a lot in common with other types of cells, they’re structurally and functionally unique. Neurons, also known as nerve cells, send and receive signals from your brain.
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